Artists : Lorenzo di Niccolò Gerini, G. Rubini, Francesco Guarino, Andrea Vaccaro, Niccolo De Simone, Paul Gismondi, Massimo Stanzione, Jean Colombe, Felice Ficherelli, Francesco Guarino, Jehan Bellegambe, Paolo Veronese, Giovanni Lanfranco, Giovanni Martinelli, Alessandro Turchi, Simon Vouet, Francesco Rustici, Jacopo Ligozzi, Filippo Paladini, Sebastiano del Piombo, Caitlin Karolczak, Giovanni di Paolo, Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Sebastiano del Piombo, Francesco Cairo, Giulio Campi, Caravaggio,
Lorenzo di Niccolò Gerini
Martyrdom of St. Agatha
I have no further description, at this time
Lorenzo di Niccolò or
Lorenzo di Niccolò di Martino was an Italian painter active in Florence from
1391 to 1412. Often
erroneously cited as the son of Niccolò di Pietro Gerini, with whom he realized
some works, this artist transformed his style from one more reminiscent of
Giotto to one more elegant and linear, similar to that of such artists as
Lorenzo Monaco. Together with Niccolò di Pietro Gerini, he painted some
frescoes in the Chapterhouse of the convent of San Francesco (Prato) and the
panel Coronation of the Virgin, once in Santa Felicita. A slightly later work
on the same subject for the Medici Chapel in Santa Croce, Florence, dated to
1409 in the predella, today is split between its original location and the
Bagatti Valsecchi Museum in Milan. More on Lorenzo di Niccolò Gerini
These martyrs suffered a vast range of tortures. They survived long after any normal person would have died, suffering unspeakable agonies. Often God miraculously turned the tortures against the evil perpetrator, who usually died in front of his victim.
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G. Rubini (1655 Cortemaggiore - Piacenza 1735)
Martyrdom of St. Agatha, c. 1685-1699
Church of Santa Margherita - Piacenza (side walls of the presbytery)
I have no information about this artist!
The painting was perhaps executed around 1685 after the reconstruction of the church of Santa Margherita. Regarding the work, Arisi points out the small head of the saint on a very tall body, the mannered drapery and the unnatural pose of the page's head visible on the right of the composition. More on this work
Francesco Guarino
Agata in front of Quinziano (1637)
Church of St. Agatha Irpinia (Solofra)
"This work depicts the theological dispute between S. Agata and the Roman governor, is the workshop of Francesco Guarino and affected the climate of the Collegiate works fact S. Agata is the same model of woman in profile of the Announcement to Zechariah. " More about this work
Francesco Guarino or Guarini (1611-1651 or 1654) , see below
Andrea Vaccaro (1604–1670)
Saint Agatha of Sicily, circa 1635
Oil on canvas
Height: 128.5 cm (50.5 in); Width: 101 cm (39.7 in)
Museo del Prado
Andrea Vaccaro (baptised on 8 May 1604 – 18 January 1670) see below
A massively disproportionate number of these victims were nubile young women whose suffering included being stripped and humiliated. With the benefit of modern knowledge it is easy to identify sadomasochistic tendencies in these stories and associated art. More on sadomasochistic
Niccolo De Simone
Saint Agatha
Oil on canvas
104.7 x 75.9 cm. (41.2 x 29.9 in.)
Private collection
Niccolò De Simone, (died circa 1677) was a Flemish painter, active during 1636-1654 in Naples, Italy. He was born in Liege. His style suggests he was in the circle or influenced by Massimo Stanzione, Bernardo Cavallino, and Mattia Preti. Bernardo de' Dominici claims he was also painting in Spain and Portugal. More on Niccolò De Simone
Paul Gismondi
Sant'Agata in the brothel of Aphrodisias, c. 1636
Fresco in the church of St. Agatha of the Goths (Rome)
I have no information about this artist!
Massimo Stanzione
St. Agatha in Prison
I have no further description, at this time
Massimo Stanzione (1585 – 1656) was an Italian Baroque painter, mainly active in Naples, where he and his rival Jusepe de Ribera dominated the painting scene for several decades. Most of his work, in both oils and fresco (these usually for ceilings), depicted religious subjects. A papal knight, he is often referred to as Cavalliere Massimo Stanzione.
Born in Frattamaggiore, Naples, Massimo Stanzione was influenced by Caravaggio. Art historians believe that Stanzione developed his career as an artist in Rome. It is thought that he began his career as a portraitist. In 1621, pope Gregory XV awarded him the title of Knight of the Golden Spur and in 1627, he received the title of Knight of Saint George, and Urban VIII invested him with the Order of Christ.
It is believed that Massimo Stanzione died during the plague of 1656. More on Massimo Stanzione
Jean Colombe, (1430 / 35-1493)
Martyrdom of St. Agatha
Part of Manuscript: "Louis Hours of Laval - Tours Bourges or.", c. 1470 -1475?
Parchment, painting on paper
National Library of France
Jean Colombe (b. Bourges ca. 1430; d. ca. 1493) was a French miniature painter and illuminator of manuscripts. He is best known for his work in Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. He is the brother of the sculptor Michel Colombe.
In 1470–1472, Colombe created the miniatures of the Hours of Louis de Laval; around 1475, he illuminated the crusader chronicles, Les Passages d'oultre mer du noble Godefroy de Bouillon, du bon roy Saint Loys et de plusieurs vertueux princes, by Sébastien Mamerot. Both works had been commissioned by Louis de Laval. Between 1485 and 1490, Jean Colombe completed the decoration of the Très Riches Heures which had been left unfinished in 1416. He executed the image for the month of November (below the zodiac arch), completed the Limbourg brothers' design for September, and retouched other images. More on Jean Colombe
Circle of Andrea Vaccaro (Naples 1604-1670)
Saint Agatha
Oil on canvas
28¼ x 23½ in. (71.7 x 59.6 cm.)
Private collection
Saint Agatha is the patron saint of Catania, Molise, Malta, San Marino, and Zamarramala, a municipality of the Province of Segovia in Spain. She is also the patron saint of breast cancer patients, martyrs, wet nurses, bell-founders, bakers, fire, earthquakes, and eruptions of Mount Etna. More
Circle of Felice Ficherelli
Saint Agatha
Oil on canvas
74 x 64 cm
Private collection
In the legend of her life, we are told that she belonged to a rich, important family. When she was young, she dedicated her life to God and resisted any men who wanted to marry her or have sex with her. One of these men, Quintian, was of a high enough rank that he felt he could force her to acquiesce. Knowing she was a Christian in a time of persecution, he had her arrested and brought before the judge - - himself. He expected her to give in to when faced with torture and possible death, but she simply affirmed her belief in God by praying: "Jesus Christ, Lord of all, you see my heart, you know my desires. Possess all that I am. I am your sheep: make me worthy to overcome the devil."
Andrea Vaccaro, (1604–1670)
Martyrdom of St Agatha, c. 1635-1640
Oil on canvas
122 × 159 cm (48 × 62.6 in)
Musée Fabre, Montpellier, France
Andrea Vaccaro (Naples 1604-1670), see above
Legend tells us that Quintian imprisoned her in a brothel in order to get her to change her mind. Quintian brought her back before him after she had suffered a month of assault and humiliation in the brothel, but Agatha had never wavered, proclaiming that her freedom came from Jesus.
Andrea Vaccaro, (baptised on 8 May 1604 – 18 January 1670)
St. Agatha in prison, XVII century
Oil on canvas
104 x 127 cm
Museo Nacional del Prado
Andrea Vaccaro (Naples 1604-1670), see above
Francesco Guarino, (1611 - 1651)
Saint Agatha, c. 1640
Oil on Canvas
32.5 x 27.5"
Naples, Museo di S. Martino
Francesco Guarino or Guarini (1611-1651 or 1654) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in the mountainous area east of Naples. He was born in Sant'Andrea Apostolo, today a frazione of Solofra in the Province of Avellino, Campania, and died in Gravina di Puglia. He was a pupil first locally of his father, Giovanni Tommaso Guarino, before moving to Naples to work in the studio of Massimo Stanzione. In Naples, like many of his contemporaries there, he was influenced by the style of Caravaggio. In his selection of models who appear to have been plucked from the streets of Naples, he recalls the style of Bernardo Cavallino, the fellow-pupil of Stanzioni. Among his masterpieces are the works for the Collegiata di San Michele Arcangelo in Solofra. More on Francesco Guarino
Unknown artist
The Martyrdom of Sant'Agata
Oil on canvas
Maschio Angioino, Central Naples, Italy.
Jehan Bellegambe, (1470-1534)
The Martyrdom of St. Agatha
Oil on canvas
0.600 m. x 0.440 m
Musée de la Chartreuse
Jehan Bellegambe or Jean Bellegambe (sometimes Belgamb or Belganb) (ca. 1470 – ca. June 1535–March 1536) was a French-speaking Flemish painter of religious paintings, triptychs and polyptychs, the most important of which are now held at Douai, Arras, Aix, Lille, Saint Petersburg and Chicago. He was known as the 'master of colours' for the transparency and interplay of his colours. He is known as Jehan Bellegambe the elder to distinguish him from his descendents who were also called Jehan. More on Jehan Bellegambe
Quintian sent her to prison, instead of back to the brothel -- a move intended to make her more afraid, but which probably was a great relief to her.
Paolo Veronese
Detail from Saint Agatha, c. 16th Century
Oil on canvas
I have no further description, at this time
Paolo Caliari, known as Paolo Veronese (1528 – 19
April 1588) was an Italian Renaissance painter based in Venice,
most famous for large history paintings of both religious and mythological
subjects, such as The Wedding at Cana and The Feast in the House of Levi. With
Titian, who was at least a generation older, and Tintoretto, ten years older,
he was one of the "great trio that dominated Venetian painting of the
cinquecento" or 16th-century late Renaissance. Veronese is known as a
supreme colorist, and after an early period with Mannerist influence turned to
a more naturalist style influenced by Titian.
His most
famous works are elaborate narrative cycles, executed in a dramatic and
colorful style, full of majestic architectural settings and glittering
pageantry. His large paintings of biblical feasts, crowded with figures,
painted for the refectories of monasteries in Venice and Verona are especially
famous, and he was also the leading Venetian painter of ceilings. Most of these
works remain in situ, or at least in Venice, and his representation in most
museums is mainly composed of smaller works such as portraits that do not
always show him at his best or most typical.
He has always been appreciated for "the chromatic
brilliance of his palette, the splendor and sensibility of his brushwork, the
aristocratic elegance of his figures, and the magnificence of his
spectacle", but his work has been felt "not to permit expression of
the profound, the human, or the sublime", and of the "great
trio" he has often been the least appreciated by modern criticism.
Nonetheless, "many of the greatest artists ... may be counted among his
admirers, including Rubens, Watteau, Tiepolo, Delacroix and Renoir". More on Paolo Caliari,
When she continued to profess her faith in Jesus, Quintian had her tortured. He refused her any medical care but God gave her all the care she needed in the form of a vision of St. Peter.
As usual in her portraits, Agatha has long, blond hair and holds a palm branch in her left hand. She points to Heaven because "I have my Lord Jesus Christ, and he by a single word can cure everything … If he so wills, he can cure me instantly." Peter reveals himself and says she has been healed in Jesus' name; then Agatha prays in thanksgiving and finds that her breasts are restored. More
Paolo Veronese
Saint Agatha in Prison, c. 1566
Oil on canvas
In the left nave of the church of San Pietro Martire (St. Peter of Verona) at Murano (Venice, Italy)
Veronese seems to be picturing the moment in the Golden Legend when Peter reveals himself to Agatha. Up till then, she has been cool to the old man's offer of help, explaining that she looks only to Christ as her healer. This seems to be expressed in the way she pulls her body away from Peter and the angel, her left arm gathering up her garments as if to shield her wounded chest from them. Then his reply, "I am his apostle…know that you are healed" is expressed in the right hand that points heavenward and the left that holds "the keys of the kingdom" that are his attribute".
Paolo Caliari, known as Paolo Veronese (1528 – 19 April 1588) , see above
Giovanni Lanfranco, (1582–1647)
St Peter Healing St Agatha, circa 1614
Oil on canvas
Height: 100 cm (39.4 in). Width: 133 cm (52.4 in).
Galleria nazionale di Parma
Giovanni Lanfranco, also called Giovanni di Steffano or Il Cavaliere Giovanni Lanfranchi (born Jan. 26, 1582, Parma [Italy]—died Nov. 30, 1647, Rome) Italian painter, an important follower of the Bolognese school. He was a pupil of Agostino Carracci in Parma (1600–02) and later studied with Annibale Carracci in Rome. A decisive influence on his work, however, was not just the Baroque classicism of the Carracci brothers but the dynamic illusionism of the dome paintings in Parma by Correggio. Lanfranco translated Correggio’s 16th-century style into a Roman Baroque idiom. Soon after his arrival in Rome (1612), he painted the ceiling frescoes Joseph Explaining the Dreams of His Fellow Prisoners and Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife (both 1615) in the Palazzo Mattei. The frescoes combine techniques and styles learned from Annibale Carracci and from Lanfranco’s own study of Correggio and Caravaggio. Lanfranco’s painting in the dome of San Andrea della Valle in Rome (1621–25) derives directly from Correggio in its virtuoso use of vigorously posed figures floating in the clouds over the spectator’s head. Lanfranco worked in Naples from 1633/34 to 1646, his best known work there being the dome of the chapel of San Gennaro in the cathedral (1641–46). He was a bitter rival of Domenichino, both in Rome and later in Naples. More on Giovanni Lanfranco
Giovanni Martinelli, (Montevarchi, Arezzo 1600 - Florence 1659)
St Agatha Cured By St Peter In Prison
Oil on canvas
109 x 88 cm
Museo Nacional del Prado
Giovanni Martinelli (Montevarchi, Arezzo 1600 - Florence 1659) was an Italian, Baroque era painter active mainly in Florence. On the 400th anniversary of his birth, the artist finally received the acknowledgement he merits; He was the subject, first, of a monographic volume containing various essays dedicated to aspects of his brilliant sacred and profane production, both on canvas and in frescoes, and, subsequently, of an exhibition organized by the Uffizi in his native town.
Martinelli started his apprenticeship in the studio of Jacopo Ligozzi in Florence, and stayed there until 1625. Though there is no documented trace of the artist during the following ten years, he most likely sojourned in Rome, beginning a long and profitable period of study.
Martinelli painted allegories characterized by the prevailing influence of Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi as well as the French Vouet and Valentin. The faces of the protagonists in the paintings of those years are rendered with exceptional clarity, of Caravaggesque derivation, and illuminated by extraordinarily clear, cold colour tones.
In 1636, Martinelli began to paint more complex allegories and to darken the range of colour tones. Although devoid of any chronological reference, the paintings made in this stylistic phase clearly distinct themselves from the ones created in the earlier periods. More on Giovanni Martinelli
Alessandro Turchi, (1578–1649)
Saint Agatha Attended by Saint Peter and an Angel in Prison, circa 1640 and circa 1645
Oil on slate
H: 13 11/16 x W: 19 1/2
Walters Art Museum
The gray stone of the prison wall was created by letting the slate show through, and it forms a background for the night scene, illuminated by a torch. As opposed to canvas and wood, slate gave a painting almost unlimited durability and the same kind of permanence as sculpture. More on this painting
Alessandro Turchi (1578 – 22 January 1649) was an Italian painter of the early Baroque, born and active mainly in Verona, and moving late in life to Rome. He also went by the name Alessandro Veronese or the nickname L'Orbetto.
Turchi initially trained with Felice Riccio (il Brusasorci) in Verona. By 1603, he was working as independent painter. Turchi painted the organ shutters for the Accademia Filarmonica of Verona. When Brusasorci died in 1605, Turchi and Pasquale Ottino completed a series of their deceased master's canvases. On leaving the school of Riccio, he went to Venice, where he worked for a time under Carlo Cagliari.
By 1616, Turchi traveled to Rome and participated in the fresco decoration depicting the Gathering of Manna for the Sala Reggia of the Quirinal Palace. In competition with Andrea Sacchi and Pietro da Cortona, he painted some pictures in the church of Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini. In 1619, he sent an altarpiece of the 40 martyrs for the Chapel of the Innocents in the church of Santo Stefano, Verona, to hang next to paintings by Pasquale Ottino and Marcantonio Bassetti. He was much employed on cabinet pictures, representing historical subjects, which he frequently painted on black marble.
In 1637, with the sponsorship of the cardinal Francesco Barberini, he became Principe or director of the Accademia di San Luca. In 1638, he joined the papal guild of artists, called the Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon. He died in Rome. More on Alessandro Turchi
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Simon Vouet, (1590–1649)
Saint Peter Visiting Saint Agatha in Prison, circa 1624
Oil on canvas
129.8 × 183.2 cm (51.1 × 72.1 in)
Private collection
Simon Vouet, (born January 9, 1590, Paris, France—died June 30, 1649, Paris), painter who introduced an Italianate Baroque style of painting into France.
Vouet formed his style in Italy, where he lived from 1612 to 1627. The use of dramatic contrasts of light and shade seen in such early works as his Two Lovers indicates that he began in Rome as a follower of Caravaggio. Works done after 1620, however, display more idealized figures. Vouet’s Time Vanquished (1627) breaks with the tenebrism of Caravaggio, using the more evenly diffused white light that characterizes his later style.
He returned to Paris in 1627 at the request of Louis XIII, who named him his first painter. Thereafter, Vouet won almost all the important painting commissions and dominated the city artistically for 15 years. He exercised an enormous influence with such works as Riches (c. 1630), which was probably part of the decorative program of the château of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. Engravings and surviving panels show that he had studied Italian illusionistic ceiling decoration. His other principal undertakings were in the Hôtel de Bullion and in the palace of the Cardinal de Richelieu at Rueil. More on Simon Vouet
Francesco Rustici, said Rustichino
Sant'Agata visited by St. Peter in Prison, 1630 ca.
Oil on canvas
Caltagirone, Capuchin Church
Giovan Francesco Rustici, or Giovanni Francesco Rustici, (1475–1554) was an Italian Renaissance painter and sculptor. He was born into a noble family of Florence, with an independent income. Rustici profited from study of the Medici sculptures in the garden at San Marco, and Lorenzo de' Medici placed him in the studio of Verrocchio. After Verrocchio's departure, Giovan placed himself with Leonardo da Vinci, who had also trained in Verocchio's workshop. He shared lodgings with Leonardo while he was working on the bronze figures for the Baptistry. At this time, Pomponius Gauricus, in De sculptura (1504), named him one of the principal sculptors of Tuscany, the peer of Benedetto da Maiano, Andrea Sansovino and Michelangelo. It may have been made in France, perhaps in the circle of Rustici, who entered Francis I's service in 1528.
At the time of the siege of Florence, 1528, he went to France, where he was pensioned by King Francis I but after the king's death died in poverty at Tours. More on Giovan Francesco Rustici
Jacopo Ligozzi (1547–1627)
Martyrdom of St. Agatha, 1600 ca.
Oil on canvas
Piazza Armerina Cathedral
Jacopo Ligozzi (1547–1627) was
an Italian painter, illustrator, designer, and miniaturist. His art can be
categorized as late-Renaissance and Mannerist styles. Born in Verona, he was
the son of the artist Giovanni Ermano Ligozzi, and part of a large family of
painters and artisans. After a time in the Habsburg court in Vienna, where he
displayed drawings of animal and botanical specimens, he was invited to come to
Florence and became one of the court artists for the Medici.
In 1574 he became head of the Accademia e Compagnia
delle Arti del Disegno, the officially patronized guild of artists, which was
often called to advise on diverse projects. He served Francesco I, Ferdinando
I, Cosimo II and Ferdinando II, Grand Dukes of Tuscany. Late in life, he was
named director of the grand-ducal Galleria dei Lavori, a workshop providing
designs for artworks made mainly for export: embroidered textiles and for the
newly popular medium of pietre dure, mosaics of semiprecious stones and colored
marbles. He died in Florence. More on Jacopo Ligozzi
Filippo Paladini
Martyrdom of St. Agatha, c. 1605
Oil on canvas
Catania Cathedral
Filippo Paladini, also known as Philip Benedict Paladini ( Sieve (Italy) , 1544 - Mazzarino , 1614 ), was an Italian painter. He was one of the last masters of the late mannerism Tuscan, not immune from the influence of Caravaggio .
After some trouble with the law, in 1590 he fled to the island of Malta , where he stayed for five years. Subsequently, he become a guest at the court of Prince Branciforte of Mazarin, where he died in 1614 . Many Sicilian churches retain his paintings, made during the last years of life.
He has been confused in the past with the painter Filippo di Lorenzo Paladini from Pistoia (who died in Pisa in 1608), author of the frescoes on the façade of the Clock Palace Pisa, completed after his death by Giovanni Stefano Maruscelli. More on Filippo Paladini
Giambattista Tiepolo
The martyrdom of Saint Agatha
Oil on canvas
Altarpiece at the Museo Antoniano
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (March 5, 1696 – March 27, 1770), see above
Andrea Vaccaro, (Naples 1604–1670)
Saint Agatha
Oil on canvas
135 x 104 cm
Dorotheum, Wien, Austria
Andrea Vaccaro (Naples 1604-1670), see above
17th century Anonymous painter,
The martyrdom of Saint Agatha of Sicily (detail)
Oil on canvas
National Museum of San Marino
When she was tortured again, Saint Agatha died after saying a final prayer: "Lord, my Creator, you have always protected me from the cradle; you have taken me from the love of the world and given me patience to suffer. Receive my soul."
Sebastiano del Piombo (1485–1547)
Martyrdom of Saint Agatha, c. 1520
Oil on panel
127 × 178 cm (50 × 70.1 in)
Pitti Palace, Firenze, Italy
Sebastiano del Piombo (c. 1485 – 21 June 1547), byname of Sebastiano Luciani, was an Italian painter of the High Renaissance and early Mannerist periods famous as the only major artist of the period to combine the coloring of the Venetian school in which he was trained with the monumental forms of the Roman school.
His nickname derived from the lucrative Papal appointment as Keeper of the Seal, which he held from 1531. Never a very disciplined or productive painter, his artistic productivity fell still further after this, which committed him to attend on the pope most days, and travel with him. He now painted mostly portraits, and relatively few works of his survive compared to his great contemporaries in Rome. This limited his involvement with the Mannerist style of his later years.
Having achieved success as a lutanist when young, he turned to painting and trained with Giovanni Bellini and Giorgione. When he first went to Rome he worked with Raphael and then became one of the few painters to get on well with Michelangelo, who tried to promote his career by encouraging to compete for commissions against Raphael. More on Sebastiano del Piombo
Francesco Guarino, (1637-1640)
St Agatha's Martyrdom
Oil on canvas
St. Agata Cathedral Association Catania
Francesco Guarino or Guarini (1611-1651 or 1654) see above
Caitlin Karolczak
St Agatha
I have no further description, at this time
This image can be found on various witch-hunting websites as pictorial evidence of the use of torture by the Inquisition. The pictured painting from the early 15th century actually shows the martyrdom of St. Agatha of Catania (250 CE).
Giovanni di Paolo
St. Agatha, c. 15th century
Tempera on wood, gold ground
Metropolitan Museum of Art
Portraits of St. Agatha in the West are readily identified by the presence of a platter holding her severed breasts, as at right. Sometimes she also holds the pincers used to remove them.
Giovanni di Paolo di Grazia (c. 1403–1482) was an Italian painter, working primarily in Siena. He may have apprenticed with Taddeo di Bartolo, becoming a prolific painter and illustrator of manuscripts, including Dante's texts.
He was one of the most important painters of the 15th century Sienese School. His early works show the influence of earlier Sienese masters, but his later style was more individual, characterized by cold, harsh colours and elongated forms. His style also took on the influence of International Gothic artists such as Gentile da Fabriano. Many of his works have an unusual dreamlike atmosphere, such as the surrealistic Miracle of St. Nicholas of Tolentino painted about 1455 and now housed in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, while his last works, particularly Last Judgment, Heaven, and Hell from about 1465 and Assumption painted in 1475, both at Pinacoteca Nazionale (Siena), are grotesque treatments of their lofty subjects. Giovanni's reputation declined after his death but was revived in the 20th century. More on Giovanni di Paolo di Grazia
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
The Martyrdom of St. Agatha, about 1750
I have no further description, at this time
(Altarpiece from S. Agata, Lendinara)
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (March 5,
1696 – March 27, 1770), also known as Gianbattista or Giambattista
Tiepolo, was an Italian painter and printmaker from the Republic of Venice. He
was prolific, and worked not only in Italy, but also in Germany and Spain.
Successful from the beginning of his career, he has
been described by Michael Levey as "the greatest decorative painter of
eighteenth-century Europe, as well as its most able craftsman." More on Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
Because one of the tortures she supposedly suffered was to have her breasts cut off, she was often depicted carrying her breasts on a plate. It is thought that blessing of the bread that takes place on her feast may have come from the mistaken notion that she was carrying loaves of bread.
Francesco Cairo, (26 September 1607 – 27 July 1665)
The Martyrdom of Saint Agnes, c. 1634-5
Oil on Canvas
Galleria Sabauda
Francesco Cairo (26 September 1607 – 27 July 1665) was an Italian Baroque painter active in Lombardy and Piedmont. He was born and died in Milan. It is not known where he obtained his early training though he is strongly influenced by the circle of il Morazzone, in works such as the Saint Teresa altarpiece in the Certosa di Pavia.
In 1633, Cairo moved to Turin to work as a court painter. Between 1637–1638, Cairo travelled to Rome, where he encounters the works of Pietro da Cortona, Guido Reni and of the Caravaggisti. He returns to Lombardy to complete altarpieces for the Certosa of Pavia and a church at Casalpusterlengo. Between 1646–1649, he returns to Turin, and paints an altarpiece for Savigliano and the church of San Salvario. He is also known as Il Cavalière del Cairo, because in Turin, he received the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus in recognition of his merit.
Many of his works are eccentric depictions of religious ecstasies; the saints appear liquefied and contorted by piety. He often caps them with exuberant, oriental turbans. More on Francesco Cairo
Giulio Campi, (1500 – 5 March 1572)
The Burial of St. Agatha, c. 1537
Fresco
Basilica di Sant'Agata (Cremona)
In 1522, in Mantua, he studied painting, architecture, and modelling under Giulio Romano. He visited Rome, became an ardent student of the antique, and like Bernardino he combined a Lombard and Roman traditions. He collaborated on some works with Camillo Boccaccino, the son of Boccaccio Boccaccino, with whom Campi may also have received training.
When he was just twenty-seven Giulio executed for the church of Sant'Abondio his masterpiece, a Virgin and Child with Sts Celsus and Nazarus, a decoration masterly in the freedom of its drawing and in the splendour of its color. Many of his fresco works are housed in churches of Cremona, Mantua, Milan and in the church of Saint Margaret's, in his native town. Among his chief works are the Descent from the Cross in San Sigismondo at Cremona, and the frescoes in the dome of San Girolamo at Mantua. He was involved in the reconstruction and decoration of the church of Santa Rita in Cremona.
He died in Cremona in 1572. More on Giulio Campi
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1571 in Caravaggio – 18 July 1610)
Sant'Agata greater altar, c. 1519
(The Virgin and Child, between S. John, St. Joseph, St. Jerome and a holy bishop (Augustine?)
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (29 September 1571 in Caravaggio – 18 July 1610) was an Italian painter active in Rome, Naples, Malta, and Sicily between 1592 and 1610. His paintings, which combine a realistic observation of the human state, both physical and emotional, with a dramatic use of lighting, had a formative influence on Baroque painting.
Caravaggio trained as a painter in Milan under Simone Peterzano who had himself trained under Titian. In his twenties Caravaggio moved to Rome where there was a demand for paintings to fill the many huge new churches and palazzos being built at the time. It was also a period when the Church was searching for a stylistic alternative to Mannerism in religious. Caravaggio's innovation was a radical naturalism that combined close physical observation with a dramatic use of chiaroscuro which came to be known as tenebrism (the shift from light to dark with little intermediate value).
He gained attention in the art scene of Rome in 1600 with the success of his first public commissions, the Martyrdom of Saint Matthew and Calling of Saint Matthew. Thereafter he never lacked commissions or patrons, yet he handled his success poorly. He was jailed on several occasions, vandalized his own apartment, and ultimately had a death sentence pronounced against him by the Pope after killing a young man, possibly unintentionally, on May 29, 1606. He fled from Rome with a price on his head. He was involved in a brawl in Malta in 1608, and another in Naples in 1609. This encounter left him severely injured. A year later, at the age of 38, he died under mysterious circumstances in Porto Ercole in Tuscany, reportedly from a fever while on his way to Rome to receive a pardon.
Famous while he lived, Caravaggio was forgotten almost immediately after his death, and it was only in the 20th century that his importance to the development of Western art was rediscovered. More on Caravaggio
Master of Sant'Agata di Castroreale
Sant'Agata and stories of her life, 1410 ca.
Castroreale, Pinacoteca di Santa Maria degli Angeli
I have no information about this artist!
Festival of Saint Agatha – Ph. Fallica
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