Giovanni Antonio Bazzi, called Sodoma Vercelli 1477 - 1549 Siena
Madonna and Child with Saints Jerome and Catherine of Siena
Oil on panel
32 by 24 in.; 81.3 by 61 cm.
Private collection
This elegant Madonna and Child with Saints Jerome and Catherine of Siena exemplifies the type of painting that Sodoma produced for private devotion. Half-length sacre conversazioni were popular in Siena from the mid-15th century and in the present panel Sodoma continued that tradition in an updated form. The central figures of the Madonna and Child betray the artist’s awareness of both Leonardo and Raphael, the latter of whom he knew in Rome. The Madonna and Child are flanked by Saint Jerome, identifiable by the scarlet drapery and the snout of his lion at lower left, and by the plaintive figure of Saint Catherine of Siena at right. The dark background is used to strong effect, emphasizing the emotion of the scene, where the two saints hold out crosses to the still infant Christ. More on this painting
Saint Catherine of Siena, T.O.S.D. (March 25, 1347 in Siena – April 29, 1380 in Rome), was a tertiary of the Dominican Order and a Scholastic philosopher and theologian. She also worked to bring the papacy of Gregory XI back to Rome from its displacement in France and to establish peace among the Italian city-states. Since 18 June 1939, she is one of the two patron saints of Italy, together with St. Francis of Assisi. On 3 October 1970, she was proclaimed a Doctor of the Church by Pope Paul VI, and on 1 October 1999, Pope John Paul II named her as one of the six patron saints of Europe, together with Benedict of Nursia, Saints Cyril and Methodius, Bridget of Sweden and Edith Stein.
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Jerome (Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus, c. 347 – 30 September 420) was a priest, confessor, theologian and historian. He was the son of Eusebius, born at Stridon, a village near Emona on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia, then part of northeastern Italy. He is best known for his translation of most of the Bible into Latin (the translation that became known as the Vulgate), and his commentaries on the Gospels. His list of writings is extensive.
The protégé of Pope Damasus I, who died in December of 384, Jerome was known for his teachings on Christian moral life, especially to those living in cosmopolitan centers such as Rome. In many cases, he focused his attention to the lives of women and identified how a woman devoted to Jesus should live her life. This focus stemmed from his close patron relationships with several prominent female ascetics who were members of affluent senatorial families.
He is recognised as a Saint and Doctor of the Church by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Lutheran Church, and the Anglican Communion. His feast day is 30 September.
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Il Sodoma, byname of Giovanni Antonio Bazzi, (born 1477, Vercelli, duchy of Savoy [Italy]—died Feb. 14/15, 1549, Siena, republic of Siena), Italian painter whose works reflect the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerist style.
Sodoma, was from Vercelli in northern Italy but worked in and near Siena. He was influenced by Leonardo in Milan, and Pintoricchio in Siena. He worked in Rome for Pope Julius II, but was soon displaced by Raphael, whose High Renaissance style he then absorbed. He spent the rest of his life in Siena. His art has a slightly provincial but vigorous air. More on Il Sodoma
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