01 Work, RELIGIOUS ART - Andrea di Bartolo 's Crucifixion, With Footnotes - #130

Andrea di Bartolo (SIENNE 1360-1428)

Crucifixion

Tempera on pannel

29 x 58,5 cm (11 1⁄4 x 23 in.)

Private collection

Sold for EUR 63,000 in May 2022

The scene follows the traditional iconography of the crucifixion, with the group of Roman soldiers on the right and the holy women and the faithful on the left. The present version is similar to the Crucifixion in the Toledo Museum of Art, although less complex in the arrangement of the figures. The two compositions share striking details such as the pointed halo of St. Longinus, a Roman centurion touched by grace to the right of Christ, and the vivid colouring of the soldiers’ yellow tunics with their blue, tasselled belts and red shields edged in blue. More on this painting

The crucifixion of Jesus occurred in 1st-century Judea, most likely between AD 30 and 33. Jesus' crucifixion is described in the four canonical gospels, referred to in the New Testament epistles.

Jesus was arrested and tried by the Sanhedrin, and then sentenced by Pontius Pilate to be scourged, and finally crucified by the Romans. Jesus was stripped of his clothing and offered wine mixed with myrrh or gall to drink before being crucified. He was then hung between two convicted thieves and died some six hours later. During this time, the soldiers affixed a sign to the top of the cross stating "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" which, according to the Gospel of John, was written in three languages. After Jesus' death, one soldier pierced his side with a spear to be certain that he had died. More on The crucifixion of Jesus

Andrea di Bartolo or Andrea di Bartolo Cini (1360/70 – 1428, in Siena) was an Italian painter, stained glass designer and illuminator of the Sienese School mainly known for his religious subjects. He was active between 1389–1428 in the area in and around Siena.

Andrea di Bartolo was the son and pupil of Bartolo di Fredi, a very prominent painter in Siena. His youth was spent working in his father's workshop which received many prestigious orders. He collaborated with his father and Luca di Tommè on an altarpiece for the altar of the shoemaker's guild in the cathedral of Siena in 1389. This is his first documented work. However, it is believed that his hand can be discerned in works of his father painted between 1380 and 1389, such as in the Massacre of the Innocents.

Andrea likely set up his own workshop around 1390. He was extremely successful in Siena and obtained numerous commissions even from as far as Veneto. His patrons were drawn from the same monastic circles as his father such as the Franciscans of Montalcino and the Dominicans of Siena. From his studio he produced a large number of works, some of which have survived and are found in various museums around the world. More on Andrea di Bartolo

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