01 Works, RELIGIOUS ART - Interpretation the bible, With Footnotes - 111

EMILIAN SCHOOL, 17TH CENTURY

The expulsion of Lucifer

Oil on canvas

145 x 201.5 cm.; 57 1/8  x 79 3/8  in.

Private collection

The Fall of Lucifer finds its earliest identification with a fallen angel in Origen, based on an interpretation of Isaiah, which describes a king of Babylon as the fallen "morning star". This description was interpreted typologically as an angel in addition to its literal application to a human king: the image of the fallen morning star or angel was thereby applied to Satan in both in Jewish and by early Christian writers, following the transfer of Lucifer to Satan in the pre-Christian century. More on The expulsion of Lucifer

Emilia is a historic region of Italy, known today as the Romagna region. Some of the most famous painters from this region in the 16th century include: Dosso Dossi (1490 – 1542) of the School of Ferrara and Benvenuto Tisi called Il Garofalo (1481 – 1559) also of the School of Ferrara. The Bolognese School of painting flourished during the 16th Century, said to even rival Florence and Rome as a center of Italian painting. Perhaps the best know group of painters from Bologna during the 16th century were the Carracci Family. Ludovico Carracci (1555 – 1619) and his cousins, the brothers Annibale Carracci (1560 – 1609) and Agostino Carracci (1557 – 1602) founded the Accademia degli Incamminati, or Eclectic Academy of painting. This studio helped establish Emilian artists and specifically the Bolognese School of painting in the major centers of art such as Rome.

Other well known 16th Century Emilian artists, influential to the Bolognese School were Amico Aspertini (1474 – 1552) and Prospero Fontana (1512 – 1597), whose travels helped to spread the influence of the style.

From the city of Parma also emerged highly influential artists in the 16th Century, including Antonio da Correggio (1489 – 1534), the foremost painter from the Parma School and Francesco Mazzola, better known as Parmigianino (1503 – 1540), named for his native city of Parma. More on the Emilian Schools

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