Cercle of Paul Bril
Saint Anthony Abbot before his field of crops
Oil on copper
27 × 36,5 cm
Private collection
Saint Anthony or Antony (251–356) was a
Christian monk from Egypt, revered since his death as a saint. He is
distinguished from other saints named Anthony by various epithets: Anthony the
Great, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the
Anchorite, and Anthony of Thebes. For his importance among the Desert Fathers
and to all later Christian monasticism, he is also known as the Father of All
Monks. His feast day is celebrated on January 17 among the Orthodox and
Catholic churches and on Tobi 22 in the Egyptian calendar used by the Coptic
Church.
The biography of Anthony's life by Athanasius of Alexandria helped
to spread the concept of Christian monasticism, particularly in Western Europe
via its Latin translations. He is often erroneously considered the first
Christian monk, but as his biography and other sources make clear, there were
many ascetics before him. Anthony was, however, the first to go into the
wilderness, a geographical move that seems to have contributed to his renown.
Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the
Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation
of St. Anthony in Western art and literature.
Paul Brill, also called Paulus Bril, (born 1554, Antwerp—died October 7, 1626, Rome), Flemish artist who was perhaps the most popular painter of landscapes in Rome in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. His early forest landscapes derive in style partly from Mannerism, but after 1600 he disciplined and simplified his compositions under the influence of the German painter Adam Elsheimer. His latest work was classical in character. Several of his fresco cycles survive in Vatican City and elsewhere as well as numerous individual works on panel and canvas. His brother Mattheus (1550–83) was also an accomplished painter, but he died young, and Paul finished many of Mattheus’ uncompleted works. More on Paul Brill
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