03 Works, RELIGIOUS ART - Today, December 12, is The Virgin of Guadalupe's Day, With Footnotes - 145

Unknown artist

Virgin of Guadalupe, circa 1700

Oil on canvas

Indianapolis Museum of Art

The Virgin of Guadalupe featuring a novelty crown on the Virgin's head, later removed on 23 February 1888.

A Marian apparition is a reported supernatural appearance by the Blessed Virgin Mary. The figure is often named after the town where it is reported, or on the sobriquet given to Mary on the occasion of the apparition. More on Marian apparition

Our Lady of Guadalupe, also known as the Virgin of Guadalupe, is a Catholic title of the Blessed Virgin Mary associated with a Marian apparition and a venerated image enshrined within the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico City.

On December 9, 1531, the Blessed Virgin Mary appeared to Saint Juan Deigo Cuauhtlatoatzin on a hill near Mexico City.

Unknown artist

God painting the Virgin of Guadalupe, 18th century

In the apparitions—the last of which took place on December 12—Mary's appearance was like that of the Aztec peoples. Mary also spoke Juan Diego’s native language, sending him to the bishop of Mexico City, a Franciscan named Juan de Zumarraga.

After hearing Juan Diego’s request that the bishop build a chapel in Mary’s honor on Tepeyac Hill, the bishop asked for a sign.

In the final apparition, Mary provided roses for Juan Diego’s to present to the bishop as a sign of her presence. Arranging the roses in Juan Diego’s cactus-fiber cloak (or tilma), the poor man took the roses to the bishop but when he opened his cloak to show the roses to the bishop, his cloak was miraculously imprinted with the image of the woman.

Devotion to Mary under the title “Our Lady of Guadalupe” spread quickly and was finally approved by Pope Leo XIII in 1895. Today, Our Lady of Guadalupe is celebrated as the “Queen of Mexico” and “Empress of the Americas,” and is also honored as the patroness of the unborn. More on Virgin of Guadalupe

Nicolás Enríquez (Mexican, 1704–1790)

The Virgin of Guadalupe with the Four Apparitions, c. 1773

Oil on copper

22 1/4 × 16 1/2 in. (56.5 × 41.9 cm)

 Metropolitan Museum of Art

Nicolás Enríquez de Vargas (1704-1790) was a novohispanic painter. He was a student of Juan Rodríguez Juárez. Along with José de Ibarra supported the foundation of the Academia de Pintores (Painters Academy) in New Spain, which was the precedent of the Real Academia de San Carlos. Most of his work remains in Guadalajara. More on Nicolás Enríquez

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