Showing posts with label Classical. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Classical. Show all posts

01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, Juan de Borgoña's Adoration of the Magi, with Footnotes - #212

Juan de Borgoña
Adoration of the Magi
Oil on cradled panel
48 3/4 by 56 in.; 124 by 142.2 cm.
Private collection

The Adoration of the Magi (anglicized from the Matthean Vulgate Latin section title: A Magis adoratur) is the name traditionally given to the subject in the Nativity of Jesus in art in which the three Magi, represented as kings, especially in the West, having found Jesus by following a star, lay before him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh, and worship him. More on the Adoration of the Magi

Juan de Borgoña (c. 1470–1536), was a High Renaissance painter who was born in the Duchy of Burgundy, probably just before it ceased to exist as an independent state, and was active in Spain from about 1495 to 1536. His earliest documented work was painted in 1495 for the cloister of the Cathedral of Toledo. Borgoña’s compositions are well balanced with finely drawn figures in elegant, tranquil poses. They are set either against open spaces leading on to craggy landscapes or against gold embroidered drapery. He brought the Quattrocento form of paintings into Castile.

He is not to be confused with another painter Joan de Burgunya or Borgunya who was active in Catalonia between 1510 and 1525. More on Juan de Borgoña




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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, The Master of the Antwerp Adoration's The Holy Family in a garden, with Footnotes - #210

The Master of the Antwerp Adoration (active Antwerp c. 1505-1530)
The Holy Family in a garden
Oil on panel, circular
23 5/8 in. (60 cm.) diameter, an approximately 1/8 in. (0.4 cm.)
Private collection

Sold for USD 173,000 in Jun 2014

This roundel represents the Holy Family in the enclosed courtyard of a Renaissance palace. In the foreground, Saint Joseph is dressed in a striking red robe with a vibrant-blue chaperon, practicing his trade as a carpenter as he shapes a wooden plank with an ax. To the right sits the Virgin Mary, majestically draped in a brilliant white veil that covers her blue dress and flutters in the wind. Her attention is completely devoted to the white cloth on her lap which she is embroidering. The Virgin is attended by two angels, attired in ornate clerical robes which often appear in the Master of the Antwerp Adoration's paintings. One plays a lute, while the other proffers a silver dish of fruit, a reference to the Rest on the Flight into Egypt. Beside this angel, the Christ Child attends to his father's work, while watchful of his mother. More on this painting

The Master of the Antwerp Adoration (active 1500 – 1520) was a Flemish painter in the style of Antwerp Mannerism, whose compositions are typically filled with agitated figures in exotic, extravagant clothes. His notname is from a triptych showing the Adoration of the Magi, acquired by the Antwerp Museum of Fine Arts.

He was identified by Max J. Friedlander as the same person as the Master of Linnich. Little else is known. Despite various attempts to match him to recorded names of artists of the time, a leading scholar described the question of his identity in 2007 as "still up in smoke"

Apart from the Antwerp triptych, another with the same main subject in the Oldmasters Museum in Brussels (Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium) is by the master, and Peter Van Den Brink suggests a large triptych altarpiece on the basis of several fragments. Several other works have been attributed. More on The Master of the Antwerp Adoration




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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, JULES JOSEPH LEFEBVRE'S THE RED CLOAK, with Footnotes - #224

JULES JOSEPH LEFEBVRE, French, 1836 - 1912
THE RED CLOAK
Oil on canvas
22½ by 18⅜ in., 57.2 by 46.7 cm
Private collection

Sold for 13,750 USD in October 2019

Jules Joseph Lefebvre (F14 March 1836 – 24 February 1911) was a French figure painter, educator and theorist.

Lefebvre entered the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in 1852 and was a pupil of Léon Cogniet.

He won the prestigious Prix de Rome in 1861. Between 1855 and 1898, he exhibited 72 portraits in the Paris Salon. Many of his paintings are single figures of beautiful women. Among his best portraits were those of M. L. Reynaud and the Prince Imperial (1874). In 1891, he became a member of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts.

He was a professor at the Académie Julian in Paris. Lefebvre is chiefly important as an excellent and sympathetic teacher who numbered many Americans among his 1500 or more pupils. 

Lefebvre died in Paris on 24 February 1911 and was buried in the Montmartre Cemetery with a bas-relief depiction of his painting La Vérité on his grave. More on Jules Joseph Lefebvre 




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01 Work, CONTEMPORARY Interpretation of the Bible! VYACHESLAV KALININ's The Exodus, with Footnotes - #46

VYACHESLAV KALININ (RUSSIAN 1939-2022)
The Exodus/ The flight into Egypt , c. 1990
Oil on canvas
81 x 91 cm (31 7/8 x 35 7/8 in.)
Private collection

The flight into Egypt is a story recounted in the Gospel of Matthew and in New Testament apocrypha. Soon after the visit by the Magi, an angel appeared to Joseph in a dream telling him to flee to Egypt with Mary and the infant Jesus since King Herod would seek the child to kill him. The episode is frequently shown in art, as the final episode of the Nativity of Jesus in art, and was a common component in cycles of the Life of the Virgin as well as the Life of Christ. Within the narrative tradition, iconic representation of the "Rest on the Flight into Egypt" developed after the 14th century. More on the flight into Egypt

Vyacheslav Kalinin Russian Artist: He is a painter and graphic artist. Born in the family of Vasily Kalinin in Moscow (1939). Graduated from the Abramtsevo School of Art in Khotkovo (1962) and the Victor Vasnetsov School of Art and Industry in Abramtsevo (1963). Continued the traditions of Russian Primitive painting in the “base” subjects, grotesque images and local tones of his early works (early 1960s).

He held an exhibition of art with Eric Bulatov at the Kurchatov Institute of Nuclear Physics in Moscow, which was closed down by the authorities a few hours after it opened (1965). Depicted rural images and drinking scenes throughout his entire career. Later ironically employed such devices of the old masters as glazing and numerous staffage details. Linked to Fantastic Irrealism and Expressionism by art critics, although considered himself a follower of the Moscow Realist school. Contributed to exhibitions in Russia (from 1962) and abroad (from 1967). More on Vyacheslav Kalinin




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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, Arnold Böcklin's The Lamentations of Mary Magdalene on the body of Christ, Nothing has changed in over 2000 years, with Footnotes #214

Arnold Böcklin: 1827-1901
The Lamentations of Mary Magdalene on the body of Christ, c. 1868
Oil painting
Width: 119, Height: 70
Kunstmuseum Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Arnold Böcklin came up with the idea for this painting while he was in Rome. The artist finally executed the painting in Basel, where it was shown in the Stadt-Casino from January 12 to 19, 1868, and was purchased by the Basel Museum Commission during the exhibition. More on this painting

Mary Magdalene,  literally translated as Mary the Magdalene or Mary of Magdala, is a figure in Christianity who, according to the Bible, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers. She is said to have witnessed Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection. Within the four Gospels she is named more than most of the apostles. Based on texts of the early Christian era in the third century, it seems that her status as an “apostle" rivals even Peter's.

The Gospel of Luke says seven demons had gone out of her. She is most prominent in the narrative of the crucifixion of Jesus, at which she was present. She was also present two days later when, she was, either alone or as a member of a group of women, the first to testify to the resurrection of Jesus. John 20 and Mark 16:9 specifically name her as the first person to see Jesus after his resurrection.
During the Middle Ages, Mary Magdalene was regarded in Western Christianity as a repentant prostitute or promiscuous woman, claims not found in any of the four canonical gospels. More Mary Magdalene

Arnold Böcklin (born October 16, 1827, Basel, Switzerland—died January 16, 1901, Fiesole, Italy) painter whose moody landscapes and sinister allegories greatly influenced late 19th-century German artists and presaged the symbolism of the 20th-century Metaphysical and Surrealist artists.

Although he studied and worked throughout much of northern Europe—Düsseldorf, Antwerp, Brussels, and Paris—Böcklin found his real inspiration in the landscape of Italy, where he returned from time to time and where the last years of his life were spent.

Böcklin first won a reputation with the large mural Pan in the Bulrushes (c. 1857), which brought him the patronage of the king of Bavaria. From 1858 to 1861, he taught at the Weimar Art School, but his nostalgia for the Italian landscape pursued him. After an interval during which he completed his mythological frescoes for the decoration of the Public Art Collection, Basel, he settled in Italy and only occasionally returned to Germany, and then to experiment with flying machines. During his last two decades, Böcklin’s work became increasingly subjective, often showing fabulous creatures or being based on dark allegorical themes, as in Island of the Dead (1880), which provided the inspiration for the symphonic poem The Isle of the Dead by the Russian composer Sergey Rachmaninoff. Such spectral scenes as his Odysseus and Calypso (1883) and The Pest (1898) reveal the morbid symbolism that anticipated the so-called Freudian imagery of much 20th-century art. More on Arnold Böcklin




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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, The Art of War, Juan Correa de Vivar's The Taking of Christ, with Footnotes #196

Juan Correa de Vivar, Mascaraque circa 1510 - 1566 Toledo
The Arrest Of Christ
Oil on pine panel
121 by 91.2 cm.; 47⅝ by 36 in.
Private collection

A detachment of Roman soldiers and its commander, were accompanied by "officials from the chief priests and Pharisees" who had been sent to arrest Jesus.

Due to the throngs of people in Jerusalem during Passover, the Romans transferred auxiliary troops to the Fortress of Antonia. They were there to prevent mob riots and incipient rebellion at the volatile festival. Apparently, the Romans had been asked to send some soldiers to assist in this arrest to insure overwhelming odds. Starting a riot or a fight with Jesus' disciples wouldn't have served the chief priests' purposes. But, even though Roman soldiers were present, the arrest was clearly made by the chief priests' officers, since Jesus was taken to the high priest's residence (19:12), not a Roman facility. More on The Arrest Of Christ

Juan Correa de Vivar (c.1510 - 16 April 1566) was a Spanish painter born in Mascaraque. When Juan was 17 or 18 years old he joined an artist workshop in Burgundy.

Juan was heavily influenced by Raphael. One of his most important works was the altarpiece of the church of Almonacid de Zorita. It was destroyed in World War II. From Raphael he took his colorful tone and delicate and smooth figures. Over the years his style evolved into more dynamic forms of Mannerism.

In the province of Toledo have been found some of Juan’s better known works. The Museo del Prado of Madrid also includes many excellent examples of his work.

Some of the work came to him through familiar contacts. Included works in these early years are also the table of the Birth of the Santa María de Guadalupe monastery and the altarpiece of identical subject that Juan did for Stewing.

Some of his masterpieces from the 1540s can be found at the monastery of San Martin de Valdeiglesias today. There were also highly admired altarpieces that were taken after the ecclesiastical confiscation of 1836 and given to the Prado, other pinacotecas like those of Saragossa or Vigo, and churches like San Jerónimo el Real of Madrid.

Between 1550 and 1566, the year of his death, Juan’s style became more personal, taking on a mannerism style that makes his figures more forceful and energetic, but without losing his traditional elegance. More on Juan Correa de Vivar




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01 Work, In Memory of The Gaza Mother's Miraculous Birthing of her Daughter Even After her Death. William Oxer's Nativity, with Footnotes #219

William Oxer FRSA, United Kingdom
The Nativity
Acrylic on Canvas
45 W x 35 H x 1 D in
Private collection

Amid the massive doom that has been lying over Gaza in the Israel-Hamas war for the past six months, a miracle took place as a baby was delivered safely and alive from the womb of a Palestinian woman who was killed during an attack by Israel in Gaza city of Rafah on Sunday. More on this story

The nativity of Jesus, nativity of Christ, birth of Jesus or birth of Christ is described in the biblical gospels of Luke and Matthew. The two accounts agree that Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judaea, his mother Mary was betrothed to a man named Joseph, who was descended from King David and was not his biological father, and that his birth was caused by divine intervention. Many modern scholars consider the birth narratives unhistorical because they are laced with theology and present two different accounts which cannot be harmonised into a single coherent narrative, but also many view the discussion of historicity as secondary, given that gospels were primarily written as theological documents rather than chronological timelines.

The nativity is the basis for the Christian holiday of Christmas and plays a major role in the Christian liturgical year. Many Christians traditionally display small manger scenes depicting the nativity in their homes, or attend nativity plays or Christmas pageants focusing on the nativity cycle in the Bible. Elaborate nativity displays called "creche scenes", featuring life-sized statues, are a tradition in many continental European countries during the Christmas season.

The artistic depiction of the nativity has been an important subject for Christian artists since the 4th century. Artistic depictions of the nativity scene since the 13th century have emphasized the humility of Jesus and promoted a more tender image of him, a major change from the early "Lord and Master" image, mirroring changes in the common approaches taken by Christian pastoral ministry during the same era. More on The nativity of Jesus

A passionate artist driven by traditional ideas of how beauty should be represented, William Joseph Oxer B.A. Hons. (Wrwk) F. R.S.A.  formed the intellectual basis to his work under the tutelage of Professor Regius Peter Davidson of Oxford University.

After graduating, William was offered a place at the Prince of Wales' Institute of Architecture but was advised by them to grab the opportunity as role of assistant to Alec Cobbe, artist, restorer and collector.

Living in at Hatchlands Park, Surrey where The Cobbe Collection is based, William was to assist in various projects including an exhibition for the Queens Gallery, Buckingham Palace and large-scale designs for interiors in historic houses such as Goodwood House, Petworth House and Hatchlands Park. He lived at the latter back in 1996, working with restorer and interiors expert, Alec Cobbe. His work also includes period decoration and exhibition design in places such as Christie’s and the Building of Bath Museum, also known as The Museum of Bath Architecture.

Over the past 30 or so years, William has undertaken regular portrait commissions for private clients and now concentrates on producing artworks for exhibitions and collectors across the world. More on William Joseph Oxer




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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, The Art of War, John Wood's The Death of Abel, with Footnotes #211

John Wood (1801–1870)
The Death of Abel
Oil on canvas
H 127.3 x W 101.9 cm
Shipley Art Gallery

According to the Book of Genesis, Adam´s sons each made offerings to the Lord, who was pleased with Abel´s but not with Cain´s. Jealous of his brother, Cain slew Abel, suffering the ire of God and banishment. As tradition has it, Abel was beaten to death with the jawbone of an ass.

The subject of the first humans mourning their son killed by his brother is not found in the bible, but was inspired by the book of Genesis.

John Wood (1801–1870), painter, son of a drawing-master, was born in London on 29 June 1801. He studied in Sass's school and at the Royal Academy, where in 1825 he gained the gold medal for painting. In the two previous years he had exhibited ‘Adam and Eve lamenting over the Body of Abel,’ and ‘Michael contending with Satan,’ and in 1826 he sent ‘Psyche wafted by the Zephyrs.’ These and other works displayed unusual powers of invention and design, and gained for him a great temporary reputation. In 1834 he competed successfully for the commission for the altar-piece of St. James's, Bermondsey, and in 1836 gained a prize at Manchester for his ‘Elizabeth in the Tower.’ During the latter part of his career he painted chiefly scripture subjects and portraits, which he exhibited largely at the Royal Academy and British Institution down to 1862. His portraits of Sir Robert Peel, Earl Grey, John Britton (in the National Portrait Gallery), and others have been engraved, as well as several of his fancy subjects. Wood died on 19 April 1870. More on John Wood




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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, Giovanni Battista Langetti's Joseph interprets the baker's dreams in prison, with Footnotes #216

Giovanni Battista Langetti
Joseph interprets the baker's dreams in prison
Oil on canvas
124 x 173 cm
Private collection

Estimate for 20,000 - 30,000 GBP in April 2015

Joseph was falsely accused and thrown into prison. In prison, Joseph did the work of interpreting dreams for these politically connected individuals. Joseph met two of Pharaoh’s officials who were incarcerated, the chief cupbearer and the chief baker.

The chief baker he said to Joseph, “I also had a dream: there were three cake baskets on my head, and in the uppermost basket there were all sorts of baked food for Pharaoh, but the birds were eating it out of the basket on my head.”  And Joseph answered and said, “This is its interpretation: the three baskets are three days. In three days Pharaoh will lift up your head—from you!—and hang you on a tree. And the birds will eat the flesh from you.”

There is another version of this subject by Langetti, with the same arrangement of figures but showing them in whole and with small differences to their posture, as well a different man in the background.

Giovanni Battista Langetti (1625–1676), also known as Giambattista Langetti, was an Italian late-Baroque painter. He was active in his native Genoa, then Rome, and finally for the longest period in Venice.

He first trained with Assereto, then Pietro da Cortona, but afterwards studied under Giovanni Francesco Cassana, appeared in Venice by the 1650s where he worked in a striking Caravaggesque style. He is thought to have influenced Johann Karl Loth and Antonio Zanchi. He painted many historical busts for private patrons in the Venetian territory and in Lombardy. He died at Venice in 1676. More on Giovanni Battista Langetti





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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, Bartolomé Estebán Murillo's Virgin and Child, with Footnotes #215

Bartolomé Estebán Murillo (Spanish, Seville 1617–1682 Seville)
Virgin and Child, c. 1670s
Oil on canvas
65 1/4 x 43 in. (165.7 x 109.2 cm)
The Metropolitan Museum of Art

Often referred to as the "Santiago Madonna," this painting once belonged to the Marqués de Santiago, whose collection contained many outstanding works by the artist. The popularity of Murillo’s paintings of the Virgin and Child derives from his ability to endow a timeworn theme with a quality of intimacy and sweetness evident in both the soft modeling and, in this picture, the infant’s momentary diversion of attention from nursing, as if in response to the viewer's presence. More on this painting

Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (born late December 1617, baptized January 1, 1618 – April 3, 1682) was a Spanish Baroque painter. Although he is best known for his religious works, Murillo also produced a considerable number of paintings of contemporary women and children. These lively, realist portraits of flower girls, street urchins, and beggars constitute an extensive and appealing record of the everyday life of his times. More on Bartolomé Esteban Murillo





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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, Frans Francken the Younger's The Seven Acts of Mercy, with Footnotes #212

Frans Francken the Younger  (1581–1642)
The Seven Acts of Mercy, c. between 1613 and 1617
Oil on canvas
height: 69 cm (27.1 in); width: 110 cm (43.3 in)
Hermitage Museum

In St Matthew's Gospel (25:35-36) Christ addresses the righteous and speaks of six acts of charity: feeding the hungry, giving drink to the thirsty, welcoming strangers, clothing the naked, visiting the sick and visiting those in prison. The seventh - burying the dead - is not mentioned there, but depictions of that particular act of charity were very common in the later Middle Ages, when plague raged in Europe. In his numerous works on this theme Frans Francken each time came up with a new variation of its component episodes. Thus, in the foreground of the Hermitage painting we find a scene of the "distribution of loaves", illustrating the first of the acts of charity. In the left-hand part of the composition a rich man is shown sharing his clothing with paupers on one covered terrace and relatives visiting a sick person on another. The artist found peculiar architectural niches for almost all the acts of charity: for example, in the scene of "visiting a prisoner" (on the right in the middle ground), the figure of the convict can be seen in the window of a prison tower. Beneath an architectural awning, in the depths on the left, we find a hospitable owner inviting pilgrims to his house. The only exceptions are the two scenes of "quenching thirst" (on the right in the middle ground) and "burying the dead" (in the depths of the painting). They are set in a more open space against the background of a cathedral and seem enclosed within frames of architectural forms. More on this painting

Frans Francken the Younger (Antwerp, 1581 – Antwerp, 6 May 1642) was a Flemish painter and the best-known member of the large Francken family of artists. He played an important role in the development of Flemish art in the first half of the 17th century through his innovations in genre painting and introduction of new subject matter.

Francken was born in Antwerp where he trained with his father Frans Francken the Elder. He may also have trained with his uncle Hieronymus Francken I in Paris, together with his brother Hieronymus Francken II. He became a master in the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in 1605 and was deacon of the Guild in 1616.

Francken was a very successful artist and operated a large workshop which made many copies of his original compositions. More on Frans Francken the Younger




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01 Work, Interpretation of the bible, Titian's The Penitent Magdalene, with Footnotes #209

Titian (Tiziano Vecellio) 
The Penitent Magdalene, c. 1555 - 1565
Oil on canvas
108.3 x 94.3 cm (42 5/8 x 37 1/8 in.)
Getty Center

The subject of the penitent Mary Magdalene lifting her teary eyes to heaven gained great popularity in sixteenth-century Italy amongst aristocrats, religious figures and the wealthy middle class alike. Titian and his workshop created many copies and variations of this composition, at least seven of which are known today. This work is likely to have been executed with some workshop assistance. In this variation, the artist omits the skull which appears in other compositions, and instead depicts the Magdalene's Bible resting on a cloth-covered support. Such minor alterations to compositions were often made at the request of a patron, who wanted a work similar to one which already existed, but unique in some way. More on this painting

Mary Magdalene,  literally translated as Mary the Magdalene or Mary of Magdala, is a figure in Christianity who, according to the Bible, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers. She is said to have witnessed Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection. Within the four Gospels she is named more than most of the apostles. Based on texts of the early Christian era in the third century, it seems that her status as an “apostle" rivals even Peter's.

The Gospel of Luke says seven demons had gone out of her. She is most prominent in the narrative of the crucifixion of Jesus, at which she was present. She was also present two days later when, she was, either alone or as a member of a group of women, the first to testify to the resurrection of Jesus. John 20 and Mark 16:9 specifically name her as the first person to see Jesus after his resurrection.

During the Middle Ages, Mary Magdalene was regarded in Western Christianity as a repentant prostitute or promiscuous woman, claims not found in any of the four canonical gospels. More Mary Magdalene

Tiziano Vecelli or Tiziano Vecellio, or Titian (1488/1490 – 27 August 1576), was an Italian painter, the most important member of the 16th-century Venetian school. 
 
Recognized by his contemporaries as "The Sun Amidst Small Stars", Titian was one of the most versatile of Italian painters, equally adept with portraits, landscape backgrounds, and mythological and religious subjects. His painting methods, particularly in the application and use of color, would exercise a profound influence not only on painters of the Italian Renaissance, but on future generations of Western art.
 
During the course of his long life, Titian's artistic manner changed drastically but he retained a lifelong interest in color. Although his mature works may not contain the vivid, luminous tints of his early pieces, their loose brushwork and subtlety of tone are without precedent in the history of Western painting. More on Titian




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